![]() AGRICULTURAL HARVESTER
专利摘要:
AGRICULTURAL HARVESTER An agricultural harvester (10) includes a chassis (12) and a folding platform (18) for cutting and harvesting crop material, where the folding platform (18) is loaded by the chassis (12). The folding platform (18) includes a central platform structure (102) and a platform structure of at least one wing (104,106). The at least one wing platform structure (104, 106) is connected to the central platform structure (102) by at least one parallel folding mechanism (108), which includes a lower parallel beam (112) and a parallel hydraulic piston upper (120) substantially parallel to the lower parallel beam (112). The folding platform (18) may additionally include a separable hinge (110) which detachably and pivotally connects to at least one wing platform structure (104,106) with the central platform structure (102). 公开号:BR102016005189B1 申请号:R102016005189-4 申请日:2016-03-09 公开日:2020-11-17 发明作者:Yvan C.C. Vandergucht;Sandor Van Vooren;Siegfried Vandergucht 申请人:Cnh Industrial Belgium Nv; IPC主号:
专利说明:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION [001] The present invention relates to agricultural harvesters and, more specifically, to folding combine platforms. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [002] An agricultural harvester known as a "combined harvester" is historically referred to as such due to combining multiple harvesting functions into a single harvesting unit, such as harvesting, threshing, separating and cleaning. A combined harvester includes a platform that removes the crop from a field and a feeder housing that transports the crop material to a threshing rotor. The threshing rotor rotates inside a perforated housing that can be shaped like an adjustable concave and that performs a threshing operation in the crop in order to remove the grain. Once the grain is threshed, it falls through holes in the concave in a grain tray. From the grain tray, the grain is cleaned using a cleaning system and is then transported to a grain tank on board the combine. A cleaning fan blows air through the sieves to discharge the grinder and other debris towards the rear of the combine. Non-grain culture material, such as chaff from the threshing section, proceeds through a waste system that can use a straw chipper to process the non-grain material and lead it out of the rear portion of the combine. When the grain tank reaches maximum capacity, the combine is positioned adjacent to a vehicle in which the grain will be unloaded, such as a trailer, gravity box, fixed-body truck or similar; and a harvester unloading system is operated to transfer the grain into the vehicle. [003] More particularly, a rotating separation or threshing system includes one or more rotors that can extend axially (from the front to the rear portion) or transversely within the combine body and which are partially or completely surrounded by a perforated concave. The culture material is threshed and separated by rotating the rotor inside the concave. The thicker non-grain crop material, such as stems and leaves, is transported to the rear of the harvester and discharged back into the field. The separated grain, along with some finer non-grain culture material, such as mill, dust, straw and other crop residues, are discharged through the concave and fall into a grain tray in which they are transported to a system cleaning. Alternatively, the grain and the finer non-grain culture material can also fall directly into the cleaning system itself. [004] A cleaning system additionally separates the grain from the non-grain culture material and typically includes a fan that conducts an airflow current up and back through vertically arranged screens that oscillate in a forward manner back and forth. The airflow stream lifts and loads the lightest non-grain crop material towards the rear end of the combine to be discharged into the field. The clean grain, being heavier, and larger pieces of non-grain crop material that are not carried by the airflow stream, fall onto a surface of an upper sieve (also known as a mill sieve) through which some or the whole of the cleaned grain passes to a lower sieve (also known as a cleaning sieve). The grain and non-grain culture material that remains in the upper and lower screens is physically separated by the reciprocal action of the screens as the material moves outward. Any grain and / or non-grain culture material that remains on the top surface of the upper sieve is discharged into the rear portion of the harvester. The grain that falls through the bottom sieve lands on a bottom tray of the cleaning system, where it is driven forward towards a clean grain auger. [005] The clean grain auger takes the grain to a grain tank for temporary storage. The grain accumulates to the point where the grain tank reaches its maximum capacity and is discharged to an adjacent vehicle, such as a semi trailer, a gravity box, a linear truck or similar by a harvester unloading system that is actuated to transfer grain into the vehicle. [006] The harvesting capacity of the harvester is directly dependent on the width of the platform, since the width defines the amount of crop the harvester encounters as the harvester moves forward across a field. Flexibility can provide advantages for a platform of significant width when dealing with ground contours. In addition, in order to fulfill width limitations, it is often required to remove the header completely from the combine while it is transported on highways. Alternatively, the width of the platform can be reduced by folding it before going on the roads. For example, the German patent application DE 40 20 066 A1 describes a two-part folding platform in which the right part is folded under the left part while the left part is pulled towards the center of the combine. [007] What is needed in the art is an effective way to provide a wide platform with flexibility and articulation capability while in an operating mode and with the ability to fold into a compact configuration when in a transport mode. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [008] The present invention provides a platform for use next to an agricultural harvester with flexibility and articulation capacity while in an operating mode, and with the ability to fold to a compact configuration when in a transport mode. [009] The invention, in one format, refers to an agricultural harvester that includes a chassis and a folding platform to separate and harvest crop material, in which the folding platform is loaded by the chassis. The folding platform includes a central platform structure and at least one wing platform structure. The at least one wing platform structure is connected to the central platform structure by at least one parallel folding mechanism, which includes a lower parallel beam and an upper parallel hydraulic piston substantially parallel to the lower parallel beam. [010] An advantage of the present invention is that the folding platform has the ability to fold into a compact configuration when in a transport mode, while having the ability to flex and articulate while in an operating mode. [011] Another advantage is that, in an embodiment that includes separable hinges that cooperate with at least one parallel folding mechanism, in which the separable hinges provide greater lateral rigidity, while allowing vertical flexibility and articulation in the operating mode and retain the ability to fold for compact configuration in transport mode. [012] Another advantage is that the folding platform allows the use of rotatable coil sections and auger sections of constant diameter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [013] The aforementioned and other features and advantages of this invention, and the way to achieve them, will become more evident and the invention will be better understood with reference to the following descriptions of realizations of the invention taken in conjunction with the attached Figures, wherein: Figure 1 is a side view of an embodiment of an agricultural harvester in the form of a harvester; Figure 2 is a front view of the combine harvester of Figure 1 with an embodiment of a folding platform with a folding mechanism of the present invention in an operating mode; Figure 3 is a front view of the realization of a folding platform with a folding mechanism of the present invention of Figure 2 showing the wing platforms floating above and below in order to accommodate variations in the terrain; Figure 4 is a front view of the realization of a folding platform with a folding mechanism of the present invention of Figures 2 and 3, showing the left-hand wing platform with the detachable removable hinge in preparation for folding for a mode of transport. and the right-hand wing platform folded for a mode of transport; Figure 5 is a front view of the combine of Figure 1 with a second embodiment of a folding platform with a folding mechanism of the present invention, in an operating mode; and Figure 6 is a front view of the second embodiment of a folding platform with a folding mechanism of the present invention of Figure 5, showing the right hand wing platform in the folding process for a mode of transport and the wing platform left hand folded for a mode of transport. [014] The corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding parts over the course of the various views. The exemplifications presented in this document illustrate realizations of the invention and such exemplifications should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in any way. DESCRIPTION OF ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF THE INVENTION [015] The terms "grain", "straw" and "residues" are used mainly throughout this specification for convenience, but it should be understood that these terms are not intended to be limiting. Therefore, "grain" refers to the part of the culture material that is threshed and separated from the disposable part of the culture material, which is referred to as a non-grain culture material, MOG or straw. Incompletely threshed culture material is referred to as "waste". In addition, the terms "front", "rear", "left" and "right", when used in relation to the agricultural harvester and / or components thereof, are usually determined with reference to the forward operating direction of the harvester, however again, they should not be construed as limiting. The terms "longitudinal" and "transversal" are determined with reference to the forward and backward direction of the agricultural harvester and, likewise, should not be construed as limiting. [016] Referring now to the Figures and, more particularly, to Figure 1, an agricultural harvester in the form of a combined harvester 10 is shown which, in general, includes a chassis 12, soil hitch wheels 14 and 16, a platform 18, a feeder housing 20, an operator cabin 22, a threshing and separating system 24, a cleaning system 26, a grain tank 28 and a discharge conveyor 30. A discharge conveyor 30 is illustrated as a auger but can also be configured as a belt conveyor, chain lift, etc. [017] The front wheels 14 are larger floating-type wheels and the rear wheels 16 are smaller swiveling wheels. The driving force is selectively applied to the front wheels 14 through a power plant in the form of a diesel engine mechanism 32 and a transmission (not shown). Although the combine 10 is shown including wheels, it should also be understood that the combine 10 can include tracks, such as complete or semi-track tracks. [018] Platform 18 is mounted on the front portion of the combine 10 and includes a cutter bar 34 to separate crops from a field during forward movement of the combine 10. A rotating coil 36 feeds the culture into platform 18, and a auger 38 which feeds the separate culture laterally and internally from each side towards the feeder housing 20. Feeder housing 20 leads the cut crop to the threshing and separation system 24 and is selectively and vertically movable through use appropriate actuators, such as hydraulic cylinders (not shown). [019] The threshing and separating system 24 is of the axial flow type and, in general, includes a rotor 40 at least partially closed in and rotatable within a corresponding perforated concave 42. The cut crops are threshed and separated by rotating the rotor 40 inside the concave 42, and larger elements, such as stems, leaves and the like, are discharged from the rear portion of the harvester 10. Smaller elements of culture material including grain and non-grain culture material, including lighter than grain particles, such as mill, dust and straw, are discharged through perforations in the concave 42. Although the threshing and separation system 24 is illustrated as being of a flow type axial that has a rotor, the use of the present invention must also be considered together with other conventional threshing systems. [020] The grain that was separated by the threshing and separating assembly 24 falls into a grain tray 44 and is directed towards the cleaning system 26. The cleaning system 26 can include an optional pre-cleaning screen 46, a upper sieve 48 (also known as a mill sieve), a lower sieve 50 (also known as a cleaning sieve), and a cleaning fan 52. The grain in sieves 46, 48 and 50 is subjected to a cleaning action by the fan 52 which provides an air flow through the sieves to remove the grinder and other impurities such as dust from the grain, by making this material air-chargeable for discharge from the straw lid 54 of the combine 10. The grain tray 44 and the pre-cleaning screen 46 oscillate back and forth in order to transport the grain and the finest non-grain culture material to the upper surface of the upper screen 48. The upper screen 48 and the lower screen 50 are arranged vertically in r elation to each other and, similarly, oscillate in a back-to-back manner to spread the grain along the sieves 48, 50, while allowing clean grain to pass through gravity through the sieve openings 48, 50. [021] The clean grain auger falls into a clean grain auger 56 positioned transversely below and in front of the lower sieve 50. The clean grain auger 56 receives clean grain from each sieve 48, 50 and from the bottom tray 58 from the cleaning system 26. The clean grain auger 56 drives the clean grain sideways to a grain elevator 60, generally arranged vertically for transport to the grain tank 28. Residues from the cleaning system 26 fall into a recess waste auger 62. Waste is transported through waste auger 64 and return auger 66 to the upstream end of cleaning system 26 for repeated cleaning action. The cross augers 68 at the bottom of the grain tank 28 convey the clean grain into the grain tank 28 to the discharge auger 30 for unloading from the combine 10. [022] The non-grain culture material proceeds through a waste handling system 70. The waste handling system 70 can include a chipper, counter-knives, a windrow door and a waste retractor. [023] Now, with further reference to Figure 2, a combine 10 is shown and illustrated having an operator cabin 22 and a folding platform 18 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The folding platform 18 is generally divided between a central platform structure 102, a right hand wing platform structure 104 and a left hand wing platform structure 106. The folding platform 18 is illustrated, in simplified representation. and out of scale, so that various lengths of the central platform structure 102, the right-hand wing platform structure 104 and the left-hand wing platform structure 106 are contemplated, including at least one central platform structure 102 7.62 meters (25 feet), a 3.04 meter (10 feet) right hand wing platform structure 104, a left hand wing platform structure 106 for a folding platform 18 with an overall length of 13.71 meters (45 feet), a central platform 102 structure of 12.19 meters (40 feet), a right hand wing platform structure 104 of 3.04 meters (10 feet) and a platform structure of left hand wing 106 p for a folding platform 18 with an overall length of 18.28 meters (60 feet). The right hand wing platform structure 104 has a right cutter bar 34A, a right rotatable coil 36A and a right auger 38A, each shown partially in section to show the parallel folding mechanisms 108 behind them. The left hand wing platform structure 106 has a left cutter bar 34C, a left rotatable coil 36C and a left auger 38C, also shown each partially in cut to show the parallel folding mechanisms 108 behind them. The central platform structure 102 has a central cutter bar 34B, a central rotatable coil 36B and a central auger 38B, also shown each partly in section in order to show the parallel folding mechanisms 108 behind them. [024] At the lower outer edges of the central platform structure 102, and at the lower inner edges of the right-hand wing platform structure 104 and of the left-hand wing platform structure 106, compatible portions of separable hinges 110 are provided. In addition, parallel folding mechanisms 108 are provided which include lower parallel square beams 112 which have lower parallel square beam pivots 114, lower parallel square beam external pivots 116 and upper parallel hydraulic pistons 120 which have internal upper parallel hydraulic piston pivots 122 and upper parallel parallel piston external pivots 124. The lower parallel square girder external pivots 116 run along sliding rails 118 and the upper parallel parallel hydraulic piston pivots 124 are attached to a horizontal top shaft adjustment mechanism 126 . [025] The folding platform 18 in Figure 2 is shown in an operating mode during which the right-hand wing platform structure 104 and the left-hand wing platform structure 106 are engaged with the central platform structure 102 through separable hinges 110 that can be configured to lock the right-hand wing platform structure 104 and the left-hand wing platform structure 106 to the central platform structure 102 while allowing them to pivot around the longitudinal geometric axis of the separable hinges 110. Turning to Figure 3, the manner in which this first embodiment of the present invention allows the folding platform 18 to articulate in order to adapt to contours of soil terrain is shown. [026] Figure 3 again shows that the combine 10 has an operator cabin 22 and a folding platform 18 divided into a central platform structure 102, a right hand wing platform structure 104 and a wing platform structure. left hand 106 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The right-hand wing platform structure 104 and the left-hand wing platform structure 106 are retained pivotally attached to the central platform structure 102 by the separable hinges 110. For illustrative clarity purposes, the cutter bars 34A, 34B , 34C, rotatable coils 36A, 36B, 36C and augers 38A, 38B, 38B have been omitted. As the right-hand wing platform structure 104 and the left-hand wing platform structure 106 articulate above and below, the upper parallel hydraulic pistons 120 change in length between the upper parallel hydraulic piston inner pivots 122 and the upper parallel hydraulic piston external pivots 124 and can operate a "floating" configuration in which extendable pressure is applied while such movement is accommodated. Horizontal adjustable top shaft mechanisms 126 remain essentially fixed. In the meantime, the lower parallel square beam pivots 116 of the lower parallel square beams 112 are allowed to move freely along the length of the slide rails 118 in order to accommodate the right-hand wing platform structure 104 and the left-hand wing platform 106 that articulates above and below. [027] Turning to Figure 4, the way in which this first embodiment of the present invention is reconfigured from an operative mode to a transport mode is shown. First, it is possible for the separable hinges 110 to separate the right-hand wing platform structure 104 and the left-hand wing platform structure 106 from the central platform structure 102. The upper parallel hydraulic pistons 120 and the adjustable horizontal mechanisms of top axle 126 cooperate to move the right hand wing platform structure 104 and the left hand wing platform structure 106 outwardly from the central platform structure 102. A lifting force is then produced through square beams lower parallel lines 112, which can be produced by any number of common mechanisms, such as electric motors acting on lower parallel square beam pivots 114, hydraulic motors acting on lower parallel square beam internal pivots 114, or hydraulic cylinders that act on the lower parallel square beams 112 directly, or through an arrangement of control levers tovelo through internal pivots of lower parallel square beam 114. Since these mechanisms are common in the industry, they will not be illustrated here. It is possible for the lower parallel square beam pivots 116 to move to the upper end of the slide rails 118, retained there by gravity by pulling down the right-hand wing platform structure 104 and the wing platform structure of left hand 106 while they are raised. Alternatively, external lower parallel square beam pivots 116 can be actuated to move to a preferred location along the length of the slide rails 118 during the lifting operation. As shown with the right hand wing platform structure 104, the parallel folding mechanisms 108 continue to pivot until the right hand wing platform structure 104 and the left hand wing platform structure 106 are located above of the central platform structure 102, in order to transition from the operating mode to the transport mode. During this process, it may be necessary for the upper parallel hydraulic pistons 120 and the adjustable horizontal top shaft mechanisms 126 to move as needed to enable certain edges and protrusions of the right-hand wing platform structure 104 and left-hand wing platform structure 106 release edges and protrusions of central platform structure 102. [028] A second embodiment of the present invention is shown in Figures 5 and 6, in which a combine 10 again comprises an operator's cabin 22 and a folding platform 18 which is, in general, divided into a central platform structure 102, a right hand wing platform structure 104 and left hand wing platform structure 106. For illustrative clarity, cutter bars 34A, 34B, 34C, rotatable reels 36A, 36B, 36C and augers 38A, 38B , 38B have been omitted. In place of separable hinges 110, the realization of the present invention shown in Figures 5 and 6 depends exclusively on parallel folding mechanisms 108 for articulation in order to adapt to contours of soil terrain, as well as to transition from operating mode to mode transport and so back. Therefore, the parallel folding mechanisms 108 include lower parallel square beams 112 which have lower parallel square beam pivots 114, lower parallel square beam external pivots 116 and upper parallel hydraulic pistons 120 which have upper parallel hydraulic piston internal pivots 122 and external upper parallel hydraulic piston pivots 124. The upper parallel hydraulic pistons 120, in this embodiment, are attached to the upper parallel telescopic square beams 128 in order to increase lateral stiffness. [029] Similar to the first embodiment in Figures 2 to 4, the embodiment of the invention in Figures 5 and 6 transitions from the operating mode to the transport mode using a lifting force produced through one of the lower parallel square beams 112 or parallel upper telescopic square beams 128, which can be produced by any number of common mechanisms, such as electric motors that act as internal pivots 114 or 122, hydraulic motors that act as internal pivots 114 or 122, or hydraulic cylinders that act on square beams lower parallel 112 or upper parallel parallel telescopic beams 128 directly, or through an arrangement of elbow levers through internal pivots 114 or 122. Again, since these mechanisms are common in the industry, they will not be illustrated here. As shown with the left hand wing platform structure 106, the parallel folding mechanisms 108 continue to pivot until the right hand wing platform structure 104 and the left hand wing platform structure 106 are located above of the central platform structure 102, in order to transition from the operating mode to the transport mode. During this process, it may be necessary for the upper parallel hydraulic pistons 120 and the adjustable horizontal top shaft mechanisms 126 to move as needed to enable certain edges and protrusions of the right-hand wing platform structure 104 and left-hand wing platform structure 106 release edges and protrusions of central platform structure 102. [030] Either in the first or second embodiment of the present invention, it is contemplated that each of the hydraulic systems, electrical systems and drive systems associated with each of the cutter bars 34A, 34B, 34C, of the rotating coils 36A, 36B, 36C and of augers 38A, 38B, 38C are divided into central, left-hand and right-hand wing portions. Such hydraulic systems, electrical systems and subdivided drive systems are known in the art for their use on vertical folding corn platforms and are therefore not illustrated here. [031] Although this invention has been described in relation to at least one modality, the present invention can be further modified within the spirit and scope of the disclosure. This application, therefore, is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the invention when using its general principles. In addition, this application is intended to cover such deviations from the present disclosure as falling within the known or customary practice in the art to which this invention belongs and falling within the limits of the appended claims.
权利要求:
Claims (8) [0001] 1. AGRICULTURAL HARVESTER (10) comprising: a chassis (12); and a folding platform (18) for separating and collecting culture material, where the folding platform (18) is loaded by the chassis (12); the foldable platform (18) comprising: a central platform structure (102) and at least one wing platform structure (104, 106); and at least one parallel folding mechanism (108) having a lower parallel beam (112) and an upper parallel hydraulic piston (120), wherein the upper parallel hydraulic piston (120) is substantially parallel to the lower parallel beam (112) and wherein the at least one parallel folding mechanism (108) connects at least one wing platform structure (104,106) to the central platform structure (102); additionally a separable hinge (110) which additionally releasably and pivotally connects to at least one wing platform structure (104, 106) to the central platform structure (102); and where the harvester is characterized by the fact that the folding platform (18) also comprises a slide rail (118) connected to an external lower beam beam pivot (116) of the lower parallel beam (112), in which the slide rail (118) and the lower parallel beam outer pivot (116) cooperate to enable the at least one wing platform structure (104, 106) to pivot around the removable hinge (110) as the at least one wing platform structure (104, 106) articulates to adapt to contours of soil terrain. [0002] 2. AGRICULTURAL HARVEST (10), according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the separable hinge (110) is substantially longitudinally oriented and located on a lower external edge of the central platform structure (102) and at a lower inner edge of the at least one wing platform structure (104, 106). [0003] 3. AGRICULTURAL HARVESTER (10), according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that the upper parallel hydraulic piston (120) is operable in a floating mode. [0004] 4. AGRICULTURAL HARVESTER (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that the at least one parallel folding mechanism (108) additionally comprises a horizontal adjustment mechanism of connected top shaft (126) to an external upper parallel hydraulic piston pivot (124) of the upper parallel hydraulic piston (120) and to at least one wing platform structure (104, 106). [0005] 5. AGRICULTURAL HARVESTER (10), according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that the lower parallel beam (112) is connected to the central platform structure (102) in an internal lower parallel beam pivot ( 114), and a lifting force is applied to the lower parallel beam (112) around the lower parallel beam internal pivot (114) to lift at least one wing platform structure (104, 106). [0006] 6. AGRICULTURAL HARVESTER (10), according to claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that the at least one parallel folding mechanism (108) is operable in order to reconfigure the folding platform (18) from a of operation, in which the at least one wing platform structure (104, 106) is in an articulating connection in relation to the central platform structure (102), for a mode of transport, in which at least one platform structure wing (104,106) is located, in general, above the central platform structure (102). [0007] 7. AGRICULTURAL HARVESTER (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the at least one wing platform structure (104, 106) additionally comprises a left wing platform structure (106) and a right wing platform structure (104). [0008] 8. AGRICULTURAL HARVESTER (10), according to claim 7, characterized in that it additionally comprises a central cutter bar (34B), a central rotatable coil (36B) and a central auger (38B) attached to the central platform structure (102), a left cutting bar (34C), a left rotating coil (36C) and a left auger (38C) attached to the left wing platform structure (102), a right cutting bar (34A), a right rotating coil (36A) and a right auger (38A) attached to the right wing platform structure (102).
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引用文献:
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法律状态:
2016-09-13| B03A| Publication of an application: publication of a patent application or of a certificate of addition of invention| 2019-03-19| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law| 2019-10-01| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure| 2020-09-08| B09A| Decision: intention to grant| 2020-11-17| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 09/03/2016, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题 BEBE2015/5145|2015-03-13| BE201505145|2015-03-13| 相关专利
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